What Is Ovulation? Symptoms, Timing & Fertility Explained

The Biology of Ovulation

Ovulation is the central event of the menstrual cycle. Triggered by a surge in Luteinizing Hormone (LH) from the pituitary gland, a mature ovarian follicle ruptures and releases a viable egg into the fallopian tube, where it remains viable for approximately 12 to 24 hours.

Because sperm can survive in nutrient-rich fertile cervical fluid for up to 5 days, sexual intercourse during the 5 days leading up to ovulation can lead to pregnancy.

Common Physical Symptoms of Ovulation

Many women experience noticeable physical cues during ovulation:

• Egg-White Cervical Fluid: Clear, slippery, and stretchy mucus resembling raw egg whites.
• Mittelschmerz: Mild one-sided lower abdominal twinge or aching sensation.
• Increased Libido: Biological rise in sexual desire driven by peak estrogen and testosterone.
• Breast Sensitivity: Mild tenderness due to hormonal shifts.